Prince of scents…………………………………………………………………..
Andalusia, the sun-drenched south of Spain, is steeped in history. Over the centuries, various civilizations settled here and left their mark on the region’s architecture, culture, agriculture—and its traditions surrounding scent. In this blog, we’ll take you on a journey through three important periods: the Phoenicians, the Romans, and the Moors. Along the way, we’ll explore Almuñécar, where the Romans once built a thriving garum factory.
The Phoenicians: Pioneers of Trade and Fragrance
Around 1100 BC, the Phoenicians arrived on the southern coasts of Spain from what is now Lebanon. They established trading posts and settlements, including the ancient city of Sexi, which would later become Almuñécar.
The Phoenicians were renowned for their trade in incense, spices, and perfumes. They brought myrrh, frankincense, and aromatic oils from the East and spread them throughout the Mediterranean via their trade routes. Fragrance played an important role in their spiritual rituals and was often offered to their gods.
The Romans: A Time of Prosperity and the Power of Garum
In the first century BC, the Romans took control of southern Spain. Almuñécar, then known as Sexi Firmum Iulium, became an important Roman city. One of its main attractions was the large garum factory, the ruins of which can still be visited today in the Majuelo Botanical Gardens.
But what exactly was garum?
Garum was a fermented fish sauce that was incredibly popular in Roman cuisine. Its smell was intense—some found it delicious, others overpowering. Almuñécar became famous for producing the highest quality garum, which was even exported to Rome itself.
Fragrance was an integral part of Roman life. The Romans loved scented baths, perfumes, and incense. In their public baths, they used lavender oil and rosemary extracts for relaxation and hygiene. Roman homes were perfumed with frankincense, and banquets were adorned with floral garlands that added sweet aromas to the festivities.
The Moors: The Golden Age of Gardens and Perfume
In 711 AD, the Moors crossed into Spain from North Africa. They brought with them a sophisticated culture of gardens, irrigation, and fragrant plants, forever transforming Andalusia.
The Moors believed scent was essential for both wellbeing and spirituality. In palace gardens like the Alhambra in Granada and the patios of Córdoba, they planted jasmine, orange blossom, and rosemary, chosen to release their fragrances at sunset.
Almuñécar also flourished under Moorish rule. The town was fortified with walls and advanced irrigation systems, and gardens were planted with fragrant flowers and citrus trees. You can still see traces of this period in the old town and at San Miguel Castle.
Fragrance played an important role in daily life. The Moors used rose water, amber, and musk in their perfumes. Scents were seen not only as symbols of luxury but also as protection against illness and a means of elevating the soul.
Conclusion: The Fragrant Legacy of Andalusia
From the Phoenicians to the Romans and the Moors, each civilization added a new chapter to Andalusia’s aromatic history. Almuñécar has always been a vital hub of trade, agriculture, and culture—and today you can still smell and taste its rich past.
Especially for you
Would you like to experience the scents of Andalusia for yourself? Visit our Casa del Aroma in Almuñécar and take a sensory journey through history!